Tugas 1 - Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia # - Struktur Organisasi

TUGAS 3 - BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 # - IF CLAUSE

Secara umum, conditional sentence dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu tipe 1, 2, dan 3. Jangan khawatir kita akan bahas semuanya!

POLA/RUMUS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Berikut Adalah Pola/Rumus Conditional Sentence Tipe 1, 2, Dan 3:

Tipe conditional sentence

If-clause

Main Clause

Tipe 1

If+present simple

If I study hard,           ... will+infinitive

I will pass the exam.

Tipe 2

If+past simple

If I studied hard,        ... would+infinitive

I would pass the exam.

Tipe 3

If+past perfect

If I had studied hard, ... would+have+past participle

I would have passed the exam.

Posisi if-clause dan main clause tersebut dapat dibalik dan tidak mengubah maknanya, contoh:

“If I study hard, I will pass the exam.”

“I will pass the exam if I study hard.”

PENJELASAN LENGKAP 3 TIPE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Berikut Adalah Penjelasan Lengkap Mengenai Conditional Sentence Tipe 1, 2 Dan 3.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TIPE 1

Conditional sentence tipe 1 digunakan untuk merujuk pada hal-hal yang mungkin terjadi di masa depan dimana situasinya real/nyata. Pada tipe ini, jika syarat terpenuhi, maka kemungkinan masih bisa terjadi.

Beberapa contoh conditional sentence tipe 1:

If-clause                                              Main clause

If+present simple                                  ... will+infinitive

If it rains,                                               I will stay at home.

If you invite me,                                   I will come to your party,

If he gives her chocolate,                     she will be happy.

If it doesn't rain,                                   we will go to the library.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TIPE 2

1.      Conditional sentence tipe 2 digunakan untuk: pertama, membicarakan hal-hal di masa depan yang mungkin tidak akan terjadi (seperti membayangkan mimpi misalnya).  Contoh:

·         If I got scholarship, I would continue my study in London.

                   (but probably I will not get the scholarship.)

·         Seandainya saya mendapatkan beasiswa, saya akan melanjutkan kuliah di London.

                   (tapi mungkin saya tidak mendapatkan beasiswa itu.)

2.      Kedua, untuk membicarakan hal-hal yang terjadi di masa sekarang, yang mustahil terjadi.

·         If I were you, I would stop smoking.

                   (but I cannot be you.) Mustahil bagi saya untuk menjadi kamu.

Contoh dari lirik lagu:

If I Never See Your Face Again - Maroon 5

·         And if I never see your face again, I don't mind

'Cause we got much further than I thought we'd get tonight

·         Dan seandainya saya tidak melihat wajahmu lagi, saya tidak peduli.

(tapi mungkin saya akan melihat wajahmu lagi, dan saya peduli)

Berikut adalah contoh conditional sentence tipe 2:

If-clause                                                 Main clause

If+past simple                                     ... would+infinitive

If I had time,                                          I would go with you.

If she met her mother,                           She would be happy.

If I were 25,                                           I would get married.

If I were you,                                      I would continue my study.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TIPE 3

Conditional sentence tipe 3 digunakan untuk menggambarkan situasi masa lalu yang tidak terjadi dan membayangkan hasil dari situasi tersebut. Tipe ini mengungkapkan kebalikan dari fakta yang dihadapi. Lihat contoh berikut:

·         If I had finished my study, I would have worked at big company.

             (but I didn’t finish my study and I didn’t work at big company.)

·         Jika dulu saya menyelesaikan kuliah saya, saya akan bekerja di perusahaan besar.

             Tapi faktanya saya tidak menyelesaikan kuliah saya, dan saya tidak bekerja di

             perusahaan besar.

Contoh lain dari conditional sentence tipe 3:

If-clause                                                          Main clause

If+past perfect                                               ... would+have+past participle

If I had locked the car,                                              the thief would not have stolen my car.

If I had known about your problem,           I would have offered help.

If my parents had been in Bandung,           I would have visited them everyday.

·         If she hadn't taken the course, she wouldn't have gotten the scholarship.

(but she took the course and she got the scholarship.)

·         Jika dulu dia tidak mengambil kursus, dia tidak akan mendapatkan beasiswa itu. Tapi faktanya dia mengambil kursus itu dan mendapatkan beasiswa.

Perhatikan !!!

Pada conditional sentence tipe 3, had bisa ditempatkan di awal dengan menghilangkan if, atau disebut sebagai bentuk inversi.

·         If I had locked the car, the thief wouldn’t have stolen my car.

«  Had I locked the car, the thief wouldn’t have stolen my car.

Contoh lain:

·         If my parents had been in Bandung, I would have visited them everyday.

«  Had my parents been in Bandung, I would have visited them everyday.

TUGAS 2 - BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 # - PASSIVE VOICE

Mobile Banking on the Increase in Developing Countries

Mobile banking is becoming more and more popular in countries of the Third World. While in developed countries almost all people have bank accounts, only a small part of the population in underdeveloped countries has access to banks.

In mobile banking, a person who wants to send money does so by sending the amount via text to the receiver’s phone number. The person who receives the money goes to an authorized local shop that and withdraws the cash.

There are many examples of mobile banking in the Third World. Hospitals in Tanzania send money to women so that they can pay for the bus fare to the hospital. In Afghanistan, the government pays its policemen by mobile phone. Coffee plantation owners in East Africa send workers their money via text.

Mobile banking has become popular where there are few banks but where most of the people have a mobile phone. The potential market is especially large in South America where only 35% of the people have bank accounts but 90% have mobile phones.

Many mobile phone companies are taking over banking services in underdeveloped countries. In the last two years, almost one million people in six African countries have signed up with European mobile operator Orange. In Kenya and Tanzania, British operator Vodaphone has 20 million customers who send money to other people in the country and abroad.

In Pakistan, Norwegian mobile phone company Telenor has been offering mobile banking since 2008. People can withdraw money at almost 11,000 shops throughout the country. Pakistan itself has only a little over 8,000 banks. Money transfers are limited to $120, with Telenor taking 5% of the amount.

The number of mobile banking customers is expected to rise in Third World countries from currently 60 million to almost a billion in 2015. Over 80% of these costumes live in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.

In the developed world mobile banking has not become a serious option because most customers have bank accounts and transfer their money via Internet banking. As more and more Americans and Europeans buy smartphones mobile banking will probably increase.

one of the steps of banking in Indonesia to improve the economy in Indonesia is by facilitating non-cash transactions.

The latest McKinsey report said 55% of the 900 Indonesian non-digital consumers surveyed said they wanted to switch to digital banking within the next six months.

Although it was considered quite open to digitizing banks, Indonesians still needed branch offices. So that is still relevant. Indonesian customers need branches and ATMs because digital transactions are still considered confusing, also for security reasons

https://labbahasainggris.co.id/artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang-ekonomi-bisnis-lengkap-dengan-terjemahan-dan-daftar-kosakata-baru/

·         KALIMAT PASIF

Kalimat pasif merupakan kalimat yang subjeknya sebelum predikat. Kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai suatu perbuatan atau aktivitas. Kalimat pasif biasanya diawali oleh awalan ter- atau di-.

Adapun ciri-ciri dari kalimat pasif adalah:

1.  Subjeknya sebagai penderita.

2.   Predikatnya berimbuhan di-, ter-, atau ter-kan.

3.   Predikatnya berupa predikat persona (kata ganti orang, disusul oleh kata kerja yang kehilangan awalan).

10 contoh kalimat pasif :

1. Api yang membakar rumah itu disiram air oleh pemadam kebakaran.
2. Kopi telah diminum oleh Kakek.
3. Jenazah dikubur tadi siang.
4. Banu dihina oleh temannya.
5. Karena mogok, motor itu pun didorong olehnya.
6. Tanpa sengaja, Dimas tersenggol penonton lain yang tengah berjoget.
7. Saat pertandingan berlangsung, salah seorang pemain timnas tersikut oleh pemain lawan.
8. Jaka terpana oleh pesona perempuan itu.
9. Kesulitan ekonomi membuat Aan tertekan.
10. Pak Guru terkesan dengan prestasi murid-muridnya.

·         PASSIVE VOICE

The passive voice is used when we want to emphasize the action (the verb) and the object of a sentence rather than subject. This means that the subject is either less important than the action itself or that we don’t know who or what the subject is.

1.      My laptop was stolen. (The object – now the subject = My laptop / action= was stolen)

2.      Passive      = Napa Valley is known for its excellent wines.

Active       = [Many people] know Napa Valley for its excellent wines.

Forming the passive voice

The passive voice is not a tense in English. Each tense has its own passive voice which is created by using a form of the auxiliary verb to be + V3 (past participle).

10 Passive Voice in the above article :

           1.      Internet currency that was started in 2009.

           2.      Bitcoin is distributed and controlled by the government.

           3.      Bitcoin exchange rates are volatile and difficult to predict.

           4.      Bitcoin can be bought at exchanges.

           5.      Bitcoins are created by a process called mining.

           6.      Bitcoin can be produced by anyone around the world.

           7.      Only your special ID is transferred across the Internet.

           8.      Bitcoin is also seen as a playground for money speculators.

           9.      Pay their taxes when exchanged for currencies.

          10.    Bitcoin is not recognized as a legal currency.

https://www.englishcafe.co.id/15-contoh-kalimat-pasif-passive-voice-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

TUGAS 1 - BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 # - SENTENCE AND CLAUSE

1.  SENTENCE

A sentence is a unit of words, phrases, or clauses that can stand alone and have special meaning in them. The sentence itself has a number of elements, in which the sentence elements in the Indonesian language consist of subject, predicate, object, complement, and description. Besides the elements, the sentence also has a number of basic sentence patterns along with examples, where the pattern consists of S-P, S-P-O, S-P-O-K, etc.

2.  CLAUSE

A clause is a combination of two or more words that have a predicate and potentially become a sentence. Own clauses are sometimes often equated with phrases. In fact, between phrases and clauses have a number of differences, where one of them is a predicate element in which the clause has the element, while the phrase does not have it.

3.  DIFFERENCE

1)      The sentence is a language unit formed by several language units, including clauses. Meanwhile, the clause is one of the language units that make up the existence of a sentence.

2)      The sentence has the final intonation pattern and punctuation in it. Meanwhile, the clause does not have these two elements in it. Even if the clause is added to these two elements, then the clause is no longer a clause, but has become the types of sentences.

3)      Both sentence and clause, both have a special pattern in it. The sentence has a varied pattern, where the sentence can be written with the pattern S-P, S-P-O, S-P-K, S-P-Pel, and other basic sentence patterns. Meanwhile, the clause only has one very simple pattern in writing, where the clause contains only the S-P pattern in it.

4.  CHARACTERISTIC

A.    SENTENCE

1)      It is a unitary language formed by phonemes, morphemes, words, phrases, and also clauses.

2)      Can stand alone.

3)      Has the final intonation pattern.

4)      The use of capital letters and the use of punctuation.

5)      The basic pattern is diverse, can S-P, S-P-O-K, or other patterns

B.     CLAUSE

1)        Has a predicate.

2)        Does not have a final intonation pattern.

3)        Capital letters start, but do not have punctuation in them.

4)        When given a punctuation mark and a final intonation pattern, the clause will change to a sentence.

5)        Has an S-P pattern in it

5. EXAMPLE CLAUSE

1.    Adi must maintain the best value in each semester so he gets a scholarship.

clause I: Adi must maintain the best value in each semester

clause II: Adi gets a scholarship

2.    The mother told me to continue my education to college and majored in accounting.

clause I: The mother told me to continue my education to college level

clause II: Mother told me to take an accounting major

3.      He promised not to disturb and burden us as a family again.

clause I: He promised not to disturb us and his family again

clause II: He promised not to burden us and his family again

4.      You deserve to be exemplary after sacrificing time and energy.

clause I: You deserve an exemplary title

clause II: You have sacrificed time and energy

5.      I use the pole to take the mangosteen fruit.

clause I: I use pole

clause II: I take the mangosteen fruit

6.        Grandma wants us to work and live in the village.

clause I: Grandma wants us to work in the village

clause II: Grandma wants us to live in the village

7.      He uses online motorcycle taxi services to go to school.

clause I: He uses online motorcycle taxi services

clause II: Diah goes to school

8.    We often fight because we are both stubborn.

clause I: We often fight

clause II: We are both stubborn

9.  canceled going to Jakarta because I missed my flight.

clause I: I canceled going to Jakarta

clause II: I missed the flight

10.  felder sister is married at 30 years old and has 4 children.

clause I: My oldest brother is married at 30 years old

clause II: My oldest brother has 4 children

EXAMPLE OF SENTENCES

1.    Mother washed clothes with a washing machine.

2.    Adi draws using a special pencil.

3.    The meeting was held in private.

4.    Akbar and Ranti's wedding reception is done simply.

5.    Doni sells his cellphone to pay off debts.

6.    The host gave ice breaking to the participants so that they were not bored.

7.    The seminar was held at the Multi-purpose Building.

8.    Yesterday, I had a chance to visit his house.

9.    The workers went on strike because their basic salary had not dropped too.

10.    Cosmetics are circulated because they are proven to contain dangerous ingredients.

REFERENCE

www.dosenbahasa.com/contoh-kalimat-keterangan

www.dosenbahasa.com/contoh-klausa-dalam-bahasa-indonesia

www.dosenbahasa.com/perbedaan-kalimat-dan-klausa